Standards in Dentistry, 3rd edition: what’s changed?

As members of the editorial team responsible for the recent revision of Standards in Dentistry, Professor Christopher Tredwin FCGDent, Dean of Queen Mary University of London Institute of Dentistry and Lorna Burns, Lecturer in evidence-based healthcare at the University of Plymouth, introduce the updated guidance.

The third edition of Standards in Dentistry has been published and is now available to view online. Members of the College can also download and save it to their desktop or other devices.

The editorial team tasked with updating the guidance was led by Ewen McColl FCGDent, Professor of Clinical Dentistry and Head of Peninsula Dental School at the University of Plymouth, and included Chris Tredwin FCGDent, Professor of Restorative Dentistry, Dean and Director of Queen Mary University of London Institute of Dentistry; Robert Witton FCGDent, Professor of Community Dentistry at Peninsula Dental School and Chief Executive of Peninsula Dental Social Enterprise CIC; Lorna Burns, Information Specialist at Peninsula Dental School and lecturer in evidence-based healthcare at the University of Plymouth; and general dental practitioners Nicola Gore FCGDent and Susan Nelson MCGDent. The team also worked closely with Abhi Pal FCGDent, then President, now Immediate Past President of the College.

The fully revised edition incorporates new and updated guidelines and standards which are appropriate for the whole primary care dental team. It follows the structure of the previous two editions, and contains two main sections: summary tables of clinical standards, and lists of guidelines, arranged topically by area of care. The publication does not intend to imply that patients should receive identical care.

Guidelines provide recommendations for effective practice in the management of clinical conditions where variations in practice occur and where effective care may not be delivered uniformly. 

Clinical standards are used to describe the specific elements of care that need to be correct in order to optimise the outcomes for patients. Standards must be unambiguous and measurable.

The clinical standards tables are presented as A: Aspirational, B: Basic and C: Conditional. The A,B,C clinical standards are process measures, not outcomes. 

  • Aspirational – gold-level standards which are not essential
  • Basic – minimum standard necessary to ensure patient safety
  • Conditional – these recommendations only apply in particular situations

Clinicians can use the aspirational standards to improve their practice whilst ensuring that basic standards are met. However, clinicians must assess each clinical situation, the circumstances and the evidence available to them, and use their clinical judgement to settle on the course of action which is in the patient’s best interests. It is recommended that clinicians explain the choices to the patient, the reasons for recommending the chosen course of action and then seek the patient’s consent before clearly justifying the reasoning and recording the consent in the patient’s records. 

The editorial team drew the summaries of clinical standards from multiple, authoritative sources of guidance for primary care dentistry. All of the summary tables have been reviewed and updated for this edition, and revisions were peer-reviewed in consultation with representatives from across the UK dental sector. 

There are new summary tables for Digital Dentistry and Aesthetic Dentistry, reflecting changes in dental care. The newly incorporated standards for Digital Dentistry recognise that dental practices are at different stages of implementing full digital workflows. Therefore, the basic standards in this table refer to the legal necessities such as meeting GDPR requirements and maintaining secure electronic systems. However, in recognition that practices will be working towards the aspirational goal of full clinical digital workflow, there is also a basic standard for members of the dental team to develop the skills and knowledge to enable the transition. 

The new standards for Aesthetic Dentistry are aligned with the legal position decided by the GDC in light of the High Court ruling in the case of GDC v Jamous. Tooth whitening treatment is the practice of dentistry and can only legally and safely be carried out by registered dental professionals. The basic standards for Aesthetic Dentistry highlight the importance of communications with patients, including discussion of risks and managing expectations. There is also clear emphasis on the responsibilities of the dental care professional to act within their scope of practice, competence and training.

The new 2025 edition of Standards in Dentistry is designed for the busy practitioner as a chairside guide which compiles guidelines from multiple bodies, covering all aspects of clinical care from diagnosis to treatment. 

In updating this publication, the editorial team reviewed and updated summaries of the guidelines of more than twenty, mostly UK guideline-producing bodies such as the College of General Dentistry, Scottish Dental Clinical Effectiveness Programme, British Endodontic Society, British Orthodontic Society, British Society of Paediatric Dentistry, British Society of Periodontology and Implant Dentistry, and Royal College of Surgeons Faculty of Dental Surgery. 

This comprehensive guidance for all members of the oral healthcare team, plays an essential role in maintaining standards of excellence within general dentistry, and supports practitioners to continue providing high standards of care to their patients.  

The third edition of the Standards in Dentistry is available to view online. To gain access you must be signed in as a College Member or as a free College Subscriber. Members of the College can also download it to their devices as a PDF for personal use, giving access to search, text-select and print functionality.

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Standards in Dentistry: new edition

The College has published the third edition of Standards in Dentistry, its comprehensive and free online manual bringing together standards and guidelines for primary care dentistry.

A compendium acting as a guide to personal or practice-based quality assessment, it sets out specific basic and aspirational standards covering 17 areas of practice.

Fifteen of these have been fully updated from the second edition to reflect changes to the evidence base and other contemporary contexts:

  • Consultation and diagnosis
  • Making and receiving referrals
  • Direct (plastic), coronal and root surface restorations
  • Indirect coronal restorations (crowns, bridges, onlays, veneers)
  • Endodontics
  • Implant dentistry
  • Management of acute pain
  • Management of dental trauma
  • Minor oral surgery
  • Oral medicine
  • Orthodontics
  • Paediatric dentistry
  • Periodontics
  • Complete dentures
  • Removable partial dentures

Two new sets of standards have also been added:

  • Aesthetic dentistry
  • Digital dentistry 

The standards are focussed on practitioner processes rather than treatment outcomes, and the book adopts the College’s ‘Aspirational’, ‘Basic’, ‘Conditional’ (ABC) notation for the grading of recommendations.

Standards in Dentistry also summarises over 100 standards, guidelines and advisory publications by the College and 50 other national and international bodies, and signposts to other relevant resources, organisations and legislation.

In addition to synopses of guidance covering the areas of practice listed above, summaries of 18 clinical and non-clinical fields from the second edition have been updated:

  • Clinical governance
  • Emergency dental care
  • Examination and record-keeping
  • Infection control
  • Medical emergencies
  • Medications management
  • Oral health
  • Pathology
  • Patient information
  • Practice management
  • Prevention
  • Radiography
  • Research governance
  • Restorative dentistry
  • Risk management & communication
  • Sedation
  • Special care dentistry
  • Staff training

Four brand new summaries have also been added, covering:

  • Antimicrobial prescribing and stewardship
  • Environmental sustainability
  • Equality, diversity and inclusion
  • Mental health and wellbeing

The first edition of Standards in Dentistry, published by the former Faculty of General Dental Practice (FGDP) in 2006, combined the functions of two previous FGDP publications, Self-Assessment Manual and Standards (SAMS) and Guidelines for Structure and Process in Dental Practice. The second edition was published in 2018, with the College making it available to the profession since it inherited the Faculty’s portfolio of guidance and standards publications in 2021.

The newly expanded third edition has been two years in the making, with over 1,000 comments received and considered during consultation processes with College Fellows and a wide range of national dental organisations. It is the College’s first comprehensive update of a flagship FGDP publication, and the first standards document to employ the College’s new branding following the recent grant of a Coat of Arms.

It was developed by an editorial team led by Professor Ewen McColl FCGDent (Head of Peninsula Dental School, Chair of the Dental Schools Council, Editorial Director of Dental Update and College Council member), which also included Professor Chris Tredwin FCGDent (Dean of Queen Mary University of London Dental School), Professor Robert Witton FCGDent (Professor of Community Dentistry, Peninsula Dental School), Lorna Burns (Information Specialist and Associate Head of Postgraduate Taught Programmes, Peninsula Dental School), Dr Nicola Gore FCGDent (general dental practice principal and College Council member) and Dr Susan Nelson MCGDent (general dental practitioner, implant dentist and College Council member).

For the benefit of the whole dental profession and all dental patients, the College has made Standards in Dentistry available to view free of charge.

College members can also download it to their devices as a PDF for personal use, giving access to search, text-select and print functionality.

Celebrating the publication of the new edition, Dr Roshni Karia MCGDent, President of the College, said:

“The provision of guidance and standards by dental professionals, for dental professionals, is central to the mission of the College, and Standards in Dentistry is an indispensable reference guide offering a comprehensive pool of information for all those working in general dental practice and primary dental care. Generations of oral healthcare professionals across the world have been supported by this and other publications of the former FGDP in their journey to provide effective clinical care and better outcomes for their patients, and the College will continue to provide this assistance for future generations. On behalf of the College, I would like to thank all the authors for their hard work, and the many College members and external consultees who gave their time to provide feedback and suggestions.”

All dental professionals and practices are encouraged to view Standards in Dentistry by visiting our Standards and Guidance page, where free access is also offered to the following publications:

  • Clinical Examination and Record-Keeping
  • Selection Criteria for Dental Radiography
  • Guidance Notes for Dental Practitioners on the Safe Use of X-Ray Equipment
  • Antimicrobial Prescribing in Dentistry
  • Training Standards in Implant Dentistry
  • Mentoring in Implant Dentistry
  • Dementia-Friendly Dentistry
  • An Introduction to Research for Primary Dental Care Clinicians
  • Implications of COVID-19 for the safe management of general dental practice

Users who are not members of the College will need to be logged into their College Subscriber account; new users can register for free at cgdent.uk/register-new

Print copies will be available for sale in due course.

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College endorses updated guidance on prevention of caries in children

The College has endorsed newly updated guidance on preventing tooth decay in children from the Scottish Dental Clinical Effectiveness Programme (SDCEP).

The third edition of Prevention and Management of Dental Caries in Children, published this week, aims to support dental teams to improve and maintain the oral health of their younger patients through the delivery of preventive care and, where necessary, effective management of dental caries.

It also encourages shared decision-making, providing strategies for the dental team to support and empower children and young people (and their parents or carers) to take an active role in maintaining their oral health.

The guidance has been updated following a thorough review of the evidence, and after consultation with dental organisations including the College. While many parts remain unchanged, revisions since the second edition include amendment of the recommendation about preventive fissure sealants and wider application of vital pulp therapy in permanent teeth, with a new key recommendation about pulpotomy for treatment of pulpitis with irreversible symptoms.

The new guidance, and a downloadable ‘Guidance in Brief’ summary, are available at https://www.childcaries.sdcep.org.uk

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Martin Kelleher to deliver inaugural College Lecture

The College has announced that Martin Kelleher FCGDent will be delivering the inaugural College Lecture on 13 June 2025.

‘Satisficing’ standards in dentistry: Who decides? Who benefits? will challenge the notion of the ‘ideal treatment plan’ and contend that subconscious bias and possible self-interests can lead some supposed experts to confuse their version of a questionable ‘gold standard’ with what is really in a patient’s overall best interests and with what the law expects.

Intended to stimulate and provoke healthy debate, the lecture will build on the rich legacy of the Malcolm Pendlebury Lectures hosted by the College’s predecessor organisation, the Faculty of General Dental Practice UK (FGDP).

Martin Kelleher has been a Consultant in Restorative Dentistry at King’s College Hospital, London since 1984 and has well- known interests in solving seemingly complex dental problems with various minimally destructive approaches. He is on the GDC specialist lists for Restorative Dentistry and Prosthodontics and owned his own practice in Bromley, Kent for nearly 40 years.

He is a Fellow of the Faculties of Dental Surgery at the Royal Colleges of Surgeons of Edinburgh and England, as well as the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow. He is also a Fellow of the College of General Dentistry, a Fellow and former President of the British Society for Restorative Dentistry, and a former Chairman of the Southern Counties Branch of the British Dental Association. 

Mr Kelleher graduated from University College Dublin in 1971, holds a Master’s degree in Conservative Dentistry and is the author or co-author of very numerous peer-reviewed articles on a wide variety of topics, as well as chapters in dental textbooks and a book on dental bleaching. He served on the board of Dental Protection for a decade, including three years as Chair of its Advisory Committee for Dental Claims. He is a renowned speaker, having lectured to many national dental associations and specialist societies as well as internationally for over 40 years.

The inaugural College of General Dentistry Lecture will take place in the historic Cutlers’ Hall in Sheffield, and will be followed by the College’s Summer Reception. CPD certificates will be provided.

All dental professionals, and others with professional interests in contemporary dental practice, are eligible to attend both events. Discounted places are available to College members.

To secure your place at current ‘Early Bird’ rates, click the button below:

For further information, visit the College’s events pages.

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20 years of Training Standards in Implant Dentistry

Thursday 5 February 2026, London

Candidates awaiting conferral of awards by the former FGDP(UK) at a Diplomates’ Day

The Court Room, Cutlers’ Hall, Warwick Lane, London EC4M 7BR

This event will mark 20 years since first publication of Training Standards in Implant Dentistry by the former Faculty of General Dental Practice UK (FGDP).

It will also celebrate the Faculty’s significant contribution to postgraduate education through its Diploma in Implant Dentistry programme, and highlight the College’s role in raising standards in the field through the publication of mentoring guidelines and dedicated journal issues, the launch of the Register of Mentors in Implant Dentistry, and the creation of a Career Pathway for Implant Dentistry (details of which will be announced in due course).

Tickets for this event are not yet available; a booking link will be added shortly.

This event will be followed at 6pm by the College’s Fellows’ Winter Reception and Presentations of Associate Fellows and Fellows upstairs in the Livery Hall. This is a chargeable event with separate ticketing arrangements.

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Inaugural College lecture (by Martin Kelleher)

Friday 13 June 2025, 2pm-4.30pm

The Old Banqueting Hall, Cutlers’ Hall, 7-15 Church St, Sheffield S1 1HG

The Inaugural College of General Dentistry Lecture was delivered by Martin Kelleher FCGDent.

‘Satisficing’ standards in dentistry: Who decides? Who benefits? challenged the notion of the ‘ideal treatment plan’ and contended that subconscious bias and possible self-interests can lead some supposed experts to confuse their version of a questionable ‘gold standard’ with what is really in a patient’s overall best interests and with what the law expects.

Intended to stimulate and provoke healthy debate, the lecture built on the rich legacy of the Malcolm Pendlebury Lectures hosted by the College’s predecessor organisation, the Faculty of General Dental Practice UK (FGDP).

Martin Kelleher has been a Consultant in Restorative Dentistry at King’s College Hospital, London since 1984 and has well- known interests in solving seemingly complex dental problems with various minimally destructive approaches. He is on the GDC specialist lists for Restorative Dentistry and Prosthodontics and owned his own practice in Bromley, Kent for nearly 40 years.

He is a Fellow of the Faculties of Dental Surgery at the Royal Colleges of Surgeons of Edinburgh and England, as well as the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow. He is also a Fellow of the College of General Dentistry, a Fellow and former President of the British Society for Restorative Dentistry, and a former Chairman of the Southern Counties Branch of the British Dental Association. 

Mr Kelleher graduated from University College Dublin in 1971, holds a Master’s degree in Conservative Dentistry and is the author or co-author of very numerous peer-reviewed articles on a wide variety of topics, as well as chapters in dental textbooks and a book on dental bleaching. He served on the board of Dental Protection for a decade, including three years as Chair of its Advisory Committee for Dental Claims. He is a renowned speaker, having lectured to many national dental associations and specialist societies as well as internationally for over 40 years.

CPD approx. 2 hours

Members of the College were invited to attend a self-funding lunch prior to the lecture, hosted by Sir Nairn Wilson CBE and the 1992 Circle, which took place at 12pm-2pm.

Registration for the inaugural College of General Dentistry Lecture started at 2pm, with the lecture and Q&A taking place from 2.30pm-4.30pm. This was followed by the College Summer Reception from 5pm-8pm, including the ceremonial admission of Associate Fellows and new Fellows of the College.

For these events, we also gathered alumni, course directors and examiners to celebrate the achievements of the Diploma in Restorative Dentistry programme which was established 20 years ago by our predecessor organisation, the Faculty of General Dental Practice UK (FGDP). 

All dental professionals, and others with professional interests in contemporary dental practice, were eligible to attend both the Inaugural College Lecture and Summer Reception.

Students and staff at the University of Sheffield who wished to attend the College Lecture were asked to email us at [email protected] using the subject header ‘University of Sheffield place at Lecture’

Tickets were priced as follows:

Lecture onlyReception onlyLecture & Reception
Member or Fellow£20£55£65
Non-member£30£75 £95

Associate Fellows and recent Fellows expecting to be ceremonially admitted could book their place at the reception free of charge until 30 April.

Non-members or existing members applying for Fellowship who wished to be ceremonially admitted at the reception were advised to submit their applications as soon as possible in order to allow enough time for admissions procedures to be completed.

Information on eligibility for Fellowship of the College (FCGDent) and Associate Fellowship (AssocFCGDent) is available here

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New register of implant dentistry mentors

The College has launched an online register of qualified mentors in implant dentistry.

Developed in conjunction with the Association of Dental Implantology (ADI) and the International Team for Implantology (ITI), the new Register of Mentors in Implant Dentistry will support high standards of training and practice in implant dentistry by providing recognition to those who have met specific standards in their clinical and mentoring practice. Freely accessible and searchable by the profession at large, it will also enable those undertaking training in implant dentistry to identify and contact appropriately experienced and qualified mentors.

Mentoring is recognised as a critical element of a practitioner’s training in implant dentistry, and is among the requirements of the College’s Training Standards in Implant Dentistry document, which sets the minimum standards for training which those practising implant dentistry in the UK must have undertaken.

The specific experience, skills and qualities required of a mentor are articulated in the College’s Mentoring in Implant Dentistry: Good Practice Guidelines and are the basis for the eligibility criteria for inclusion the new register, all of which must be met:

  1. Postgraduate degree or qualification in implant dentistry, or documentary evidence of completion of a structured implant training course with at least 70 hours of verifiable contact learning and meeting, or (for those who commenced implant dentistry before 2005) demonstrably equivalent training and experience.
  1. Placed and/or restored at least 250 implants in a variety of clinical situations, depending on which aspects of care are being mentored. (Suitability can also be demonstrated from a lower number of cases with appropriate insight and reflection).
  1. Five years’ experience in the specific prosthetic or surgical technique that the mentee is being trained in. This should be in the form of a description of the mentor’s overall post-qualification experience and specifically their implant training, courses attended and clinical experience.
  1. Successful completion of an accredited medical education or mentoring course, or two years in a substantive implant-related teaching post which includes clinical supervision.

Applications to join the register are reviewed by a panel comprising representatives of CGDent, the ADI and the ITI. Once admitted, mentors will be subject to a Code of Conduct to ensure that any mentoring provided is in accordance with the guidelines, and they will also need to provide an annual declaration that they are still undertaking implant dentistry and that they are maintaining their expertise in both clinical and mentoring skills.

There is currently no application fee, however those admitted to the register will pay an annual fee for inclusion. The introductory annual fee is £500, but Full Members, Associate Fellows or Fellows of the College pay only £250. Members of the ADI and ITI also benefit from a reduced rate of £400, and those who are members of both the College and either the ADI or ITI pay just £160 per annum. The effective cost of the fee can be significantly reduced through tax relief.

For further information, visit the Register of Mentors in Implant Dentistry

Standards in Dentistry, 3rd edition: what’s changing?

Friday 16 May 2025, 4.15pm-5.00pm, Birmingham

Enhanced CPD Theatre, Hall 5, National Exhibition Centre, North Ave, Marston Green, Birmingham B40 1NT

This lecture will provide an overview of what is changing in the forthcoming third edition of the College’s Standards in Dentistry publication, which will be published in 2025, including new standards tables and new areas of guidance coverage.

It will be delivered by Professor Chris Tredwin FCGDent, Professor of Restorative Dentistry and Honorary Consultant in Restorative Dentistry, Principal Dental Practitioner, Dean and Director of Queen Mary University of London Institute of Dentistry, and former Chair of the Dental Schools Council.

Free to attend for both members and non-members of the College, it is one of four College sessions at the British Dental Conference and Dentistry Show 2025 (BDCDS25), a two-day conference hosting over 200 CPD lectures, 400 exhibitors and 10,000 dental professionals.

College representatives will be available throughout the conference at Stand Q01 to talk to delegates about our vision for the profession, the benefits of membership and fellowship, and to answer questions.

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College endorses updated guidance on periodontal diseases

The College of General Dentistry has endorsed newly updated guidance on periodontal diseases from the Scottish Dental Clinical Effectiveness Programme.

The second edition of Prevention and Treatment of Periodontal Diseases in Primary Care, published this week, aims to help dental teams recognise patients at risk of developing periodontal diseases early, and provide them with preventative care and treatment to improve their oral and general health.

The guidance has been updated following a thorough review of the evidence, and after consultation with dental organisations including the College of General Dentistry.

The changes in the new edition include: 

  • new advice on the assessment of risk
  • updated information on diagnosis of periodontal diseases to reflect the 2018 Classification of Periodontal Diseases
  • information on planning treatment that reflects the stepwise approach to periodontal therapyand consideration of tooth prognosis
  • expanded advice on the management of risk factors and assessing the response to periodontal treatment
  • advice on the specific management of patients with furcation involvement and the management of patients with systemic conditions linked to periodontal disease
  • expanded advice on the management of patients considering dental implants
  • updates to the evidence and basis for the key recommendations
  • updates to the supporting tools

The full guidance and supporting tools are available at https://www.periodontalcare.sdcep.org.uk/

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The latest edition of the Primary Dental Journal, the Dental trauma issue, is now live online featuring a wide range of topics relating to aspects of general dental practice and the primary care team.

New PDJ online: Dental trauma

The latest issue of the Primary Dental Journal (vol.12, no.4), on the theme of dental trauma, is now live online.

Focussed on the theme of dental trauma, it is guest edited by Beth Burns, a Consultant & Clinical Lead in Restorative Dentistry at Glasgow Dental Hospital and Board Member of Dental Trauma UK.

In this issue, Mrs Burns has selected a range of key topics for the whole team of dental professionals, including a review of the International Association for Dental Traumatology (IADT) 2020 guidelines, how to prepare for success in dealing with dental trauma, and advice on how to prevent or minimise dental trauma. A full list of papers is below.

While dental trauma is most common in paediatric patients, this issue also looks at the challenges presented in the management of adult trauma patients. As an unscheduled and urgent aspect of dentistry, dental trauma usually presents a level of stress to both the patient and also the dental team, and the issue offers ways to alleviate these stresses in primary dental care through knowledge and practical advice on the assessment and management of a range of traumatic dental events.

Beth Burns summarises:

“This issue aims to provide not just a review of the most up-to-date guidance, but also a demonstration of practical application, with an abundance of clinical cases discussed, and all injury diagnoses covered.

“In planning the contents of this journal, I have aimed to provide dental professionals with a comprehensive source of current information in an easily accessible format. I am immensely proud of the quality of articles all the authors have contributed to this issue, and I hope you will find them an extremely useful resource you can refer to time and time again.”

Overseeing the papers alongside Mrs Burns, the PDJ‘s Editor-in-Chief Professor Igor Blum says this issue will serve as a guide for general dental practice:

“Beth and the contributing authors have excelled in achieving our joint vision to reduce anxiety for the general dental practice team by providing relevant and useful information alongside guidelines to assist in manging patients who have sustained traumatic dental injuries. I am certain readers will find the collection of articles in this issue of interest and will be able to glean useful tips for the next time you will be presented with a patient suffering from acute dental trauma.”

Full access to the majority of articles is reserved for College of General Dentistry members and Primary Dental Journal subscribers. For non-members / non-subscribers, individual print issues are available to purchase from £42. An annual print subscription, normally costing £129, is included with membership of the College. Membership is available from £125 for dentists, from £83 for other dental professionals, and from £42 for Dental Nurses and those eligible for a concession and also includes online access to the PDJ Archive of over 1,400 articles, and a range of other benefits.

CGDent members and PDJ subscribers should expect their printed copies to arrive in the next 2–3 weeks.

On behalf of the College, the PDJ editorial team would like to express its gratitude to all the authors and peer reviewers who have contributed to the publication of this issue.

CGDent members can view full articles by logging in via the yellow button below, then clicking ‘Access the PDJ Archive’:

At least one paper in each issue is made available online free of charge on an Open Access basis. Non-members can view all other full articles using the purchase options presented when clicking the individual article links below, or can use the links above to purchase a complete issue or an annual subscription, or become a member.

Issue contents:

The next issue of the journal will feature a wide range of General dentistry papers, and is due out in Spring 2024.

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