College of General Dentistry Blog, Student Advice

A new dentist’s guide to consent and record- keeping

In collaboration with his practice Principal, Francisco Casserley, Choudhury Rahman (BDS, Manchester 2023) discusses why informed patient consent and accurate record‑keeping are essential, and shares his practical advice on the key points early career clinicians should consider.

Choudhury Rahman
Francisco Casserley

Something which worries many new dentists is the issue of litigation. We all dread that moment we get an email or a letter about a patient who is unhappy with something which we have done, or is wishing to make a complaint. One of the ways we can help ourselves is by ensuring we have really good consent, and clear record-keeping. Both of these things go hand-in-hand, and in this blog I will discuss how we can ensure we are protecting ourselves well.

Disclaimer: This is not an exhaustive guide to consent or record keeping. These are my suggestions based on my personal experience as a young dentist. I would recommend referring to the CGDent guidance on Clinical Examination and Record-Keeping, or undertaking CPD to ensure you gain a good understanding of best practice in consent and record-keeping.

GDC principles and putting patients first

As undergraduates we will have spent a lot of time learning and understanding the GDC Principles. Many of these link together, especially back to principle 1 which is to “Put patients’ interests first”. This should be at the centre of everything we do and ties strongly into principle 3, “Obtain valid consent”.

What informed consent really means

Consent is not just asking the patient what they want to do, but it’s giving them all the possible options for treatment so that they are able to make an informed decision. Some of these options may be things you can’t undertake, for example, a tricky root canal treatment (RCT), a difficult extraction, crown lengthening to improve restorability, or even implants. The possibility of alternative options out of your scope, including private options, should be given to every patient. You shouldn’t let any pre-conceptions about the patient stop you from giving those options. Whether the patient goes ahead with any of those, is up to them, but you need to document clearly all the options you have given, along with what the patient has decided to do.

I’ve also seen many colleagues worry over giving the patient a recommendation of treatment. However, in Principle 3.1.3, the GDC says that it is fine to give your patient “your recommended option”. As long as the recommendation is clinically reasonable, it will always be appropriate to give them a recommendation based on your opinion and clinical scenario. Many patients also value your expertise and experience and will be happy to go with your advice.

Discussing risks, benefits and alternatives

It’s very important to discuss all risks and benefits with patients for each option of treatment so the decision they make can be informed. You need to have this discussion recorded in your notes with all the risks and benefits given. For example, if you have a particularly tough extraction for an upper molar which is close to the sinus, you need to advise the patient there is a risk of pain, bleeding, bruising and swelling. You would also need to advise there is a risk of tooth fracture, oroantral communication (OAC), damage to adjacent teeth and tuberosity fracture (if it’s an 8). I would also warn your patient that if a fracture occurs, they may need to be referred to see someone else to have any remaining bits of tooth taken out. If there was a particularly high risk of OAC, you may want to offer the patient the option to be referred for an extraction, so that if an OAC occurs, it can be repaired straight away. The reason to refer due to the higher OAC risk needs to be specified. The patient may be in pain, for example, and happy to accept this increased risk, but you need to make that option clear to the patient. This issue was highlighted in an article by the Dental Defence Union (the DDU).

Montgomery 2015 and material risk

Continuing on with specific risks to your patient, you need to have a good understanding of Montgomery 2015 and informed consent. This relates to the matter of “whether the information given to a patient is adequate, is judged from the perspective of a reasonable person in the patient’s position” and that “patients are aware of ‘material risks’” (MDU, 2024). I would recommend reading into the case and the issues that were raised, but to explain this simply for us as dental professionals, if there is an issue specific to the patient, and there is a risk with a procedure which can have particular consequences to them, it needs to be explained clearly to them.

For example, if you had a patient who was a chef, and taste is very important in their job, you may wish to warn them of the risk of lingual nerve injury from an inferior alveolar block. You should warn that this risk may result in temporary or permanent changes in their taste. With this risk in mind, you and the patient may decide on alternative ways to achieve analgesia for a dental procedure. This is only one example of the thought process you need to have when consenting a patient to treatment.

The importance of contemporaneous clinical notes

We all hate spending much of our time writing clinical notes, but there are many small details I have seen people miss. As mentioned in GDC Principle 4.1, “you must make and keep contemporaneous, complete and accurate patient records”.  You need to ensure whoever is present in the room is recorded. This is particularly important in relation to paediatric patients in case safeguarding issues are being investigated. Any presenting complaints (PC) must be documented, along with the history of presenting complaint (HPC). These must be recorded in the patient’s own words. For example, if the patient says “I feel like ripping my tooth out”, put that in your notes in quotations. This could be important as it gives an idea of the kind of pain a patient might be in.

You should ensure you have clear notes of the patient’s medical history, social history (smoking and alcohol), dental history along with oral hygiene routine, findings in your exam/assessment, intra and extra oral findings, a comment on the oral hygiene, any special investigations taken with their findings including BPE, sensibility/TTP, Radiographs etc, risks level for caries, periodontal disease, oral cancer and tooth wear. You also need to record all your diagnoses (especially for periodontal disease with staging, grading and risk factors) along with treatment options and discussions. It is also great if you can take pre- and post-op photos of your work, or problems the patient is attending with, as this can show how the patient has presented to you – this a form of evidence which is indisputable if there are issues afterwards or concerns about the care you have provided. Top tip – make sure your camera’s date and time settings are correct before taking the photos. Find out about how to pick a good camera set up in my blog ‘How to get the most out of Foundation Training and make the right investments’ 

Templates can be a great tool, especially when you are seeing many patients. They can help ensure you do not miss anything during your appointments, and you’ll find many of the discussions you have will be the same with a lot of patients, so having quick notes will save you from typing out the same discussion for multiple patients. However, you need to be very careful with how you use these. If you were to be investigated for whatever reason, blank or unfilled areas in your notes would not look very good, and if you have not edited notes to make them specific to each patient’s risks, this could mean some parts of your conversation with the patient may not be there to defend you.

Poor records = poor defence

Something I remember being told when I started working has always stuck with me – Poor records = poor defence. No records = no defence. If you have not written in your clinical notes something you have said, it is essentially assumed the conversation never happened. If you find yourself in the court of law with litigation issues, the only thing there will be to defend you is your clinical notes, or lack thereof, if you are not doing them well.

Further learning

I would really recommend doing some more research and CPD on consent and record-keeping. For good practice guidance, go to the CGDent guidance ‘Clinical Examination and Record-Keeping’ and I would also recommend the indemnity websites where they discuss cases and there is a lot to be learnt from them.

Authors’ bio

“I Graduated from the University of Manchester in 2023, completed my FD Training in the Greater Manchester North Scheme and am now an Associate Dentist in Greater Manchester. I’m also a NextGen Ambassador for the College of General Dentistry. My clinical interests include Oral Surgery and Prosthodontics. I am currently undertaking a Masters in Prosthodontics at UCLAN and have interests in Implants and also dental education. Outside of work, I enjoy running and 5-a-side football.”

Dr Choudhury Rahman

“I graduated from the University of Manchester in 2005 and am currently an Educational Supervisor in Greater Manchester North Scheme, as well as an expert witness. I spend most of my time carrying out general dentistry, alongside placing implants and running two NHS dental practices. Outside work I enjoy spending time with my two boys and I am also an avid Manchester United fan”

Dr Francisco Casserley

References

CGDent guidance – Clinical Examination and Record-Keeping. Available at: https://cgdent.uk/clinical-examination-and-record-keeping/

GDC (2013). General Dental Council – Focus On Standards. [online] gdc-uk.org. Available at: https://standards.gdc-uk.org/.

‌Theddu.com. (2025). Oro-antral communication after extraction. [online] Available at: https://ddujournal.theddu.com/issue-archive/autumn-winter-2024/oro-antral-communication-after-extraction  [Accessed 20 Nov. 2025].

MDU (2024). Montgomery and informed consent – The MDU. [online] Themdu.com. Available at: https://www.themdu.com/guidance-and-advice/guides/montgomery-and-informed-consent.

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College of General Dentistry Blog, Student Advice

Reflection is the key to growth in dentistry

Dr Shreya Sharma, an Associate Dentist based in Hampshire, was successful in the 2025 CGDent-GC Award. In this blog, she describes how her reflective practice, a key part of the award entry process, supports her professional development.

Dentistry is a profession defined by lifelong learning. No two cases are ever quite the same and with every patient comes an opportunity to refine our judgement, technique and communication. But true growth doesn’t just come from experience, it comes from reflection.

At university, feedback is constant. Every procedure is supervised, every decision discussed. Once qualified, that safety net disappears and suddenly, we’re left to evaluate our own work. For me, reflection has become a way to recreate that feedback loop, to stay accountable and to keep improving.

I realised this most clearly while preparing my case for the CGDent-GC Award for Foundation Trainees. The award places a strong emphasis on reflective practice, with a significant portion of the assessment criteria dedicated to it. Knowing this encouraged me to slow down, document carefully and truly understand the reasoning behind each decision. That’s where the most meaningful learning happened.

What it means to reflect and why it matters

Reflection isn’t just a tick-box exercise for an e-portfolio. It’s an honest look at your own decision-making: why something worked, what could have gone better and how you’ll approach it differently next time.

During my award case, analysing my own work, even small details like line angles, surface texture and the polish of restorations, helped me understand why they mattered and how they influenced the overall outcome.

One example was restoring the fractured UR1 to match the adjacent UL1 crown. I found the process far more challenging than expected, particularly when trying to recreate the same lustre and the way the light reflected off the crowned tooth. Even achieving the correct width proved difficult.

My successful case: pre-op and post-op photographs

To guide the restoration, I used a measuring gauge to record the width of the UL1 and mirrored those measurements for the UR1. Despite this, the restored UR1 still appeared wider than the crown I was trying to mimic. It was only through reviewing my clinical photographs that I realised the issue was not with the measurements, but with the line angles.

The position and width of the line angles dramatically affect how we perceive tooth shape. My initial line angles were placed too far apart, which made the tooth look flat, dull, and visually broader than it truly was. By adjusting their position and narrowing the distance between them, the restoration immediately appeared more natural and better harmonised with the adjacent central.

This experience highlighted how subtle morphological details can completely change the final aesthetic and how essential reflective practice and clinical photography are in developing that level of awareness.

As clinicians, we hold ourselves to incredibly high standards. Reflection helps balance that drive for excellence with curiosity. It allows us to pause, recognise small wins and identify where to grow next. It transforms experience into understanding and uncertainty into progress.

The value of photography and case write-ups

Clinical photography has completely transformed the way I learn. It’s more than documentation, it’s a mirror that reveals what we might miss in the moment: a defective margin, a shade that could blend better or an open contact point. Reviewing those photographs later helps me see patterns and improvements in my work that are often invisible day-to-day.

A significant part of the CGDent-GC Award involves presenting clinical photographs that meet a high aesthetic and technical standard. Working towards this pushed me to refine my photography skills, pay closer attention to detail and critically assess the quality of my own work. Striving to meet that standard ultimately strengthened both my clinical outcomes and my ability to communicate them clearly.

Over time, these images have become a visual record of progress. They remind me that growth in dentistry rarely happens overnight, it builds with one small improvement at a time.

Case write-ups add another dimension to this process. Writing forces you to think through every stage of treatment, to justify your reasoning, material selection and workflow. While preparing my award case, I found myself analysing each choice, from composite selection to polishing technique. Putting those thoughts into words made my clinical reasoning clearer and my approach more deliberate.

Together, photography, writing and reflection drive ongoing development.

How the CGDent-GC Award nurtures reflection and growth

Entering the CGDent-GC Award deepened my appreciation of reflection. It wasn’t just a competition, it was a structured opportunity for learning.

Selecting a case

The process begins with choosing a case that you are about to start treating. Part of the competition is recognising, early on, that a forthcoming case has potential to showcase your skills and be developed into a strong entry. This shift in mindset encourages reflection from the very beginning: What might make this case a good learning opportunity? What challenges could it present?

It’s not about selecting a “perfect” patient or predicting a flawless outcome. Instead, it’s about identifying a case with learning value and approaching it intentionally, with the aim of documenting your decision-making and growth throughout the process.

Documenting the process

Clinical photography was essential here. Each image encourages you to pause, assess, and understand the nuances of your work. The lens doesn’t lie, it reveals subtleties that might otherwise go unnoticed, and the camera, in many ways became my most objective teacher.

Writing the case report

This was the most introspective stage for me. Writing about my case helped me connect my clinical decisions with their outcomes. It gave structure to what I had previously done instinctively and turned my learning into something tangible.

Winning the award

Winning the award was a huge honour, but the greatest reward was the insight gained along the way. Reflecting on my work, documenting the process and sharing it with others renewed my perspective on dentistry, something that’s easy to lose in the rhythm of daily practice.

Beyond the competition

The impact didn’t end when the results were announced. The experience continues to shape how I practice today. I take more photographs, analyse my outcomes more critically, and make time to reflect regularly. The competition gave me a framework for self-assessment and helped turn reflection from something occasional into something routine.

As part of the prize, I attended a two-day composite course in Belgium, where we learned advanced layering techniques and approaches to restoring fractured and discoloured teeth. It was an incredible opportunity to learn from experienced clinicians, refine my practical skills and connect with like-minded individuals.

On GC’s composite layering course in Belgium, July 2025

Competitions like the CGDent-GC Award (and the Advanced Aesthetic Award for more experienced clinicians) don’t just celebrate clinical skill, they nurture the habits that make us better dentists. They remind us that growth isn’t measured by accolades, but by how much we learn from every case, every challenge, and every uncertainty.

How reflection builds confidence

Confidence doesn’t come from avoiding mistakes, it comes from understanding them.

During my award case, I had plenty of moments of uncertainty: shade selection, matrix placement, polishing protocol. At the time, those doubts felt like signs of inexperience. But revisiting them afterwards showed me that those questions were actually the foundation of growth. Each hesitation led to research, feedback and ultimately, better results.

That shift, from fearing mistakes to learning from them, has been one of the most empowering parts of early-career dentistry. Reflection has taught me to value curiosity over perfection and progress over pressure.

Closing thoughts

Reflection turns experience into understanding and everyday dentistry into a journey of lifelong learning.

For me, it has made my clinical work more intentional, my patient care more consistent, and my growth as a dentist more measurable. Dentistry evolves not only through skill, but through self-awareness. Every case, every success and every setback, has something to teach us, if we just take the time to look.

Dentists and dental therapists who qualified in 2025 or are enrolled on DFT are eligible to enter the 2026 CGDent-GC Award – entries are open until Friday 20 February 2026.

full details & entry form

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College of General Dentistry Blog, Student Advice

Our experience of entering the CGDent-GC Award

Two successful candidates in the CGDent and GC Award for Foundation Trainees 2024/25, Dental Therapist Ruba Al-Nuaimy and Dentist Karan Ahir, describe taking part in the competition and what they gained from the experience.

Q. What’s your dental role and which DFT Region are you in?

Ruba Al-Nuaimy: I am a Dental Therapist and Hygienist on the North West scheme.

Karan Ahir: I am a Foundation Dentist in the West Yorkshire Scheme.

Q. Why did you decide to enter the CGDent-GC Award?

RA: I entered the competition because it was a great opportunity to showcase my clinical skills and challenge myself early in my career. When I saw that this was the first year the award was open to Dental Therapists, I knew I had to try, as it felt like the perfect way to step outside my comfort zone.

I’ve always been motivated by pushing myself to grow, and this felt like a chance to take my work to the next level. It was exciting to present a case that tested both my technical ability and creativity, while also highlighting the important role dental therapists can play in delivering high-quality patient care. Entering has been a hugely rewarding experience, and I see it as an important step in building my confidence and continuing to develop as a clinician.

KA: I genuinely enjoy the challenge and artistry involved in placing anterior composites, which is why I decided to enter. Restoring both function and aesthetics in such a visible area is highly rewarding, and I was keen to showcase the work I have carried out in this case.

Also having the opportunity to attend a renowned anterior composite course particularly excited me, as it offered an opportunity to further refine my skills, learn advanced techniques, and ultimately deliver even higher quality outcomes for my patients. I saw this competition not only as a platform to share my work but also as a valuable step in my professional development, enabling me to continually improve and grow as a clinician.

Q: Can you describe the case you entered?

RA: A 26-year-old male patient with Autism and learning difficulties was referred by his GDP. He presented with poor oral hygiene, generalised gingivitis, and multiple anterior carious lesions. His main concerns were painful, bleeding gums and the dark cavities visible when smiling, which were affecting both comfort and confidence.

I implemented a phased treatment plan with the initial focus on stabilising active gingival disease through behaviour management, tailored oral hygiene instruction, and non-surgical periodontal therapy including supra- and subgingival scaling. Once periodontal health improved, I proceeded with restoring the anterior teeth using direct composite restorations under rubber dam isolation, adopting a minimally invasive approach to preserve tooth structure and restore aesthetics.

This case was particularly rewarding as it challenged me to adapt my communication style and treatment planning to suit the patient’s additional needs. By using clear, jargon-free explanations, visual aids, and goal setting, I was able to improve his daily oral care engagement and achieve a functional and aesthetic outcome that met his expectations.

KA: A 40-year-old fit and well female presented with missing posterior teeth and failing anterior restorations, beneath which was severe anterior tooth surface loss (TSL), causing functional difficulty and dissatisfaction with her appearance. The aetiology was multifactorial: past unstable GORD, high intake of fizzy drinks, and nocturnal bruxism. Posterior teeth had previously been extracted due to erosion and caries, though the patient remained periodontally stable. She declined NHS referral after being previously refused treatment, so care was undertaken locally.

Treatment provided included OHI, preventive advice, and initial composite restorations. A diagnostic wax-up was used to guide upper anterior composite build-ups at an increased OVD, completed with a palatal stent and freehand layering. A soft lower occlusal splint was provided for protection, and Co-Cr upper and lower partial dentures were fitted to restore posterior support and reduce anterior load. The patient adapted well, expressed satisfaction with both function and appearance, and was motivated to maintain reduced fizzy drink intake and attend for ongoing reviews.

Q. How will you adapt your practice as a result of attending the composite layering course?

RA: Attending the composite layering course has really changed the way I approach restorative work. I feel more confident with freehand composite placement, particularly in shade selection, anatomical build-up, and creating natural depth in restorations. We also learnt about a wide range of materials and their indications, such as using injectable composite for stamp technique posterior restorations, as well as the importance of choosing dentine and enamel shades appropriately.

The course also highlighted how crucial it is to understand light perception and refraction in order to achieve lifelike results. Since then, I’ve been more deliberate in how I replicate translucency and natural contours, which has helped me deliver more seamless and aesthetic outcomes.

I’ve refined my finishing and polishing routine too, aiming for smooth contours and a high-gloss finish that improves both aesthetics and longevity. Overall, the course has given me the confidence to take on more challenging anterior cases and motivated me to keep developing my skills so I can deliver predictable results that are both functional and highly aesthetic.

KA: After attending the composite layering course, I want to apply what I’ve learned to make my anterior restorations look as natural as possible. By using advanced layering techniques, I can better replicate the optical properties of enamel and dentine, creating restorations that blend seamlessly with surrounding teeth while remaining durable and functional.

I also feel more confident in using opaquers for discoloured cases. Now that I understand the correct technique and application, I will incorporate them more often. This will allow me to mask underlying discolouration effectively without relying on excessive dentine composite, resulting in restorations that are both more aesthetic and less bulky.

In addition, I will refine my finishing and polishing by following the protocols demonstrated during the course. This will help me achieve a higher-quality surface finish, enabling restorations to maintain their shine and resist staining for longer, outcomes that patients will both notice and value.

Q. Has your success in the CGDent-GC Award impacted you in any other ways?

RA: Winning the Award has hugely boosted my confidence and reinforced my passion for dentistry. Being the only Dental Therapist to receive the award made it especially meaningful, as it highlighted the importance of our role and the ever-expanding scope of practice available to us. It reminded me that I am not limited to certain treatments, and that with the right training and mindset, therapists can take on complex, rewarding cases. It has also encouraged me to seek further opportunities, step outside my comfort zone, and keep building on my skills with greater confidence. I hope this achievement motivates other Dental Therapists to recognise their potential and embrace the opportunities our profession offers to make a real difference for patients, while striving to provide the highest standard of care.

KA: Being successful in the CGDent-GC Award has significantly increased my confidence in anterior composite work and motivated me to continue developing my restorative skills. It has inspired me to attend further restorative courses to broaden my knowledge and stay up to date with best practices. I also aim to share the techniques and insights I’ve gained with colleagues, helping to raise standards within my team. Beyond technical skills, the award has reminded me of the profound impact well-executed restorative work can have on patients’ confidence and quality of life.

Q. What would you say to other Foundation Trainees thinking of entering the Award?

RA: I would strongly encourage Foundation Trainees to enter the Award, particularly Dental Therapists. It’s an incredible opportunity to showcase your abilities, gain recognition early in your career, and demonstrate the valuable role therapists play within dentistry. For me, one of the most rewarding aspects was meeting other trainees, sharing experiences, and realising how much we can learn from one another. I gained valuable perspective from dentists, and in turn they learnt more about the scope and contribution of Dental Therapists, which made it a really collaborative experience.

The course you attend as part of the prize is also an amazing opportunity, giving you hands-on experience with advanced techniques, exposure to the latest materials, and the chance to meet inspiring people from across the profession. I would recommend the Award to any therapist who wants to develop their skills, build confidence, and be part of something that celebrates achievement and encourages growth within the profession.

KA: To any Foundation Trainees considering entering, I would say it’s a no-brainer. As part of foundation training, we’re required to present a complex case, which could likely involve anterior composite restorations – perfect for submission. Beyond showcasing your work, winning gives you the incredible opportunity to attend a world-class course in Belgium, expand your skills, and meet like-minded dental professionals who have also succeeded in the competition. It’s a chance to learn, network, and be inspired, all while gaining recognition for work you’re already doing as part of your foundation training.

You may be interested in our blog by Dr Juan Salmerón Ramírez, in which he reflects on entering a successful case in the inaugural Award.

Find out more about entering the CGDent-GC Award for Foundation Trainees 2025/26.

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College of General Dentistry Student Advice

Getting your first job as an Associate Dentist: preparing a successful application

Choudhury Rahman graduated from the University of Manchester in 2023 and joined the College as an Associate Member, also becoming a CGDent Ambassador. Here are his tips to help you submit a successful application for your first Associate Dentist position after DFT.

After Dental Foundation Training (DFT) is completed, you will be faced with the prospect of getting your first job as an Associate Dentist. You may be able to become an Associate Dentist at your FD practice, if that suits you and if a position is available. Or you might want to work in a different practice, maybe in another part of the country, and the search for a job will then begin.

I stayed on part time at the practice where I did my DFT, and looked for other positions to fill my week. In my first year post FD, I have moved practices a fair bit as I’ve tried to find a position and practice that suits me. I’ve worked for two of the major corporates in the UK along with a variety of different independent practices and have learnt a lot about applying for jobs along the way.

From my experience in the dental jobs market, here are my tips on making a successful application.

How to find a job in the first place

There are many different ways to find a job and it’s worth exploring all avenues until you find the job that’s right for you. Here are some of the ways I have found out about available Associate Dentist roles.

Online platforms

Good and reliable websites which advertise dental positions include BDJ Jobs and Indeed, and there are many other online platforms that you will come up when you search. These advertise a wide variety of Jobs. BDJ also gives an extra level of assurance in that it will specify which practices are part of their ‘Good practice’ programme which demonstrates their ongoing commitment to standards of good practice in relation to professional and legal responsibilities.

As well as recruitment websites, you may also find Associate Dentist positions advertised on social media. Some practices will post vacancies in places like LinkedIn and Facebook groups .

Recruitment agencies

There are numerous recruitment agencies which will search for jobs for you based on your set of criteria, which can save you a lot of searching time. These include Henry Schein Dental Recruitment, Dental Elite and Zest.

Word of mouth

Lastly, and possibly one of the most underrated methods of finding a job – word of mouth. Ask around. Ask other dentists if they know any practices with vacancies which they may not be advertising. If there’s a practice you really fancy, that looks like they provide the kind of dentistry you want to do, send them an email and ask if they have any jobs available. You’ll be surprised the number of practices which don’t actively recruit, even with empty chairs, as they want to hire very particular and motivated dentists. This is sometimes the best way to find a position where you can really grow and develop your dentistry.

Making an application that stands out

A compelling CV

First things first, make sure your CV is up to date. In the early stages when you may have not had much professional experience, include roles or responsibilities you had whilst in dental school, or even whilst you were an FT. Talk about your areas of interest , what courses you would like to do, and the experiences you gained whilst being an FT. All of this will show how motivated and keen you are to develop and grow, which practices will want to see. Don’t think to yourself that because you lack experience no one will want you – in fact sometimes it’s the opposite. Having a newly qualified, motivated dentist, who is wiling to learn is a good investment for any practice. On the flip side, someone who is very well experienced, but stuck in their habits and not willing to change may not be right for a practice who are forward thinking and looking to invest in their team.

Covering letter

Secondly, It’s  a good idea to personalise your application with a covering letter. Explain what drew you to the practice, what value you might be able to add to the practice (do they lack a DWSI in endodontics? Maybe you can become that for them!), and discuss the qualities you would bring to their team.

Portfolio

Lastly, try and put together a portfolio. Even if it’s not photographs of amazing work, it shows that you are trying, and willing to develop. Adding a reflection on areas you need to improve shows your dedication to developing your skills, and will look attractive to practices wanting a motivated and hard working dentist.

As part of the application process, it’s important to ask questions about different aspects of the practice and the position you are going for, so that you fully understand what it will be like to work there. Having worked in several different practices in the last year, I have learnt that even little things about the way a practice operates can have a big impact on your enjoyment of the job. Read my blog Getting your first job as an Associate Dentist: essential questions you need to ask for a list of things to look out for.

And finally, don’t be down-hearted if you don’t get offered the first job you apply for. Be persistent, keep applying for positions and you will find the Associate Dentist job that’s perfect for you!

Author bio

“I Graduated from University of Manchester in 2023, completed my FD Training in the Greater Manchester North Scheme and am now an Associate Dentist in Greater Manchester. I’m also a NextGen Ambassador for the College of General Dentistry. My clinical interests include Oral Surgery and Prosthodontics. I am currently undertaking a Masters in Prosthodontics at UCLAN and have interests in Implants and also dental education. Outside of work, I enjoy running and 5-a-side football.”

Dr Choudhury Rahman

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College of General Dentistry Student Advice

Getting your first job as an Associate Dentist: essential questions you need to ask

A 2023 graduate from the University of Manchester, Choudhury Rahman is an Associate Member of the College and CGDent Ambassador. Here is his advice about choosing your first Associate Dentist position.

Finishing your Dental Foundation Training (DFT) can be an exciting and challenging time with lots of opportunities to grow and develop. One of the first challenges you will face is finding the right Associate Dentist position for you.

I was fortunate enough to stay on part time at the practice where I did my DFT, and this gave me the opportunity to explore how different practices worked and operated as I looked for other positions to fill my week. In my first year post FD, I have worked for two of the major corporates in the UK along with a variety of different independent practices and have learnt a lot along the way.

There are many things to look out for and think about when finding a job. Here’s a list of some important factors to consider so you don’t make the same mistakes that I did!

  • Independent practice vs corporate practice

In many (but not all) independent practices you may have more freedom to ask for materials and equipment, within reason, and you can set fees as you wish rather than charging fixed private rates. The management set-up is usually clearer too, so you know who to speak to if you have an issue.

However, many corporates have generous discounts on courses as well as co-funding options for more expensive courses, which can be beneficial especially straight out of DFT (watch out for the tie-in lengths).

Some corporates run networking events to help with meeting other people in the dental profession which is nice!

  • How many days are available and what are the hours?

It’s worth considering whether you want to work full time in one practice or divide your working week between different practices.

  • What is the Unit of Dental Activity (UDA) rate?

Is it a reasonable rate for the area you’re going to be in?

  • How many UDAs are available?

Are there enough UDAs for you, considering how fast you work?

  • Why is the job available?

Is there a new surgery? Is someone leaving or reducing days? Ensure the start date is very clear.

  • What system do they use?

Is it SOE, R4 or Dentally? They’re all quite different, and if the practice uses a different system to the one you’re used to, are you willing to learn? I didn’t like R4 so quit a practice because of this. I much preferred SOE and Dentally.

  • Is there potential for private work and what is the split?

It’s not always 50/50! Many practices advertise that they do more private work than they actually do so try and gauge what the balance of work is in reality!

  • What is the split for lab bills?

In my experience it is usually 50/50 but it’s worth checking.

  • Are you taking over an established list of patients, or are you going to develop your own list?

Some practices may be opening a new surgery and expect you to start a new list. If you are starting a new list with new patients, expect a lot of stabilisation treatment. Are you willing to do this?

  • How busy is the practice?

When going to visit, check how busy the diary looks for everyone, especially if you are taking over from another practitioner. Check at least three months in the past, and three months in the future. If it’s looking empty, or not busy enough for you, it really won’t magically fill-up once you join!

  • What kind of X-ray system do they have?

Most practices should be digital. Do they have a scanner? Is there a camera for everyone to use? Do they have an OPG machine (a panoramic X-ray machine)? Do they have a CBCT machine (a Cone Beam Computed Tomography machine)? Are these things you would like access to?

  • Is there a dedicated practice manager or treatment co-ordinator (TCO)?

Some practices don’t have one, and from my experience they don’t run as well. A TCO can be very useful especially if you are wanting to do more private work.

  • How will you be paid?

It may be based on activity, which means how many UDAs you do in the payment schedules. Or it may be in twelfths, which is when your total number of UDAs x UDA rate is divided by 12 months, and you receive payment more like a salary. Some people prefer one or the other.

  • What decontamination system do they use?

It’s a good idea to gain a basic understanding of how decontamination should work in a practice and check how it runs in your potential practice.

  • Ensure you check your contract very carefully before signing

DDU and DP offer contract checking services, but also get it checked out by other experienced dentists you may have around you. Things to really look out for include notice periods and retention fees.

Finding your first job as an Associate Dentist can be daunting, but if you find the right practice, it will really help you develop and upskill so that you can do the dentistry you want to do. And if you end up in a practice you don’t like, it is not the end of the world, you can always leave and start the search again, as I have done more than once already. Ultimately you need to make sure you’re in a practice you are happy at, with a team you enjoy working with, doing the thing that makes you want to get out of bed every day!

Read my blog Getting your first job as an Associate Dentist: preparing a successful application for tips on applying for dental jobs.

Author bio

“I Graduated from University of Manchester in 2023, completed my FD Training in the Greater Manchester North Scheme and am now an Associate Dentist in Greater Manchester. I’m also a NextGen Ambassador for the College of General Dentistry. I am currently undertaking a Masters in Prosthodontics at UCLAN and have interests in Implants and also dental education. Outside of work, I enjoy running and 5-a-side football.”

Dr Choudhury Rahman

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College of General Dentistry Student Advice

The unexpected lessons you’ll learn in dental school that will stick with you forever

Sana Masood, third-year dental student at the University of Bristol, uncovers some of the more surprising things she has learnt at dental school.

Dental school is a place of academic rigor, long hours, and plenty of theoretical learning. But in between the lectures, exams, and clinical work, dental students often pick up some unexpected lessons that become just as vital to their success as anything they’ve been taught in class. From the art of patient communication to mastering the fine line between precision and creativity, here are some of the more playful, yet profound, lessons you’ll learn in dental school that will stick with you forever.

  1. The power of a friendly smile

It’s often said that a smile is the universal language of kindness, and you’ll quickly realise that as a dental student, your smile can go a long way. Whether you’re introducing yourself to a nervous patient or comforting a peer, the impact of a simple, warm smile cannot be overstated.

You might not have been taught this in lectures, but you’ll soon discover that a smile can break down barriers and make your clinical environment more welcoming. Plus, learning to put patients at ease with just your expression can be just as crucial as knowing the latest dental techniques.

  1. Dental tools are like your ‘instruments of magic’

When you first start dental school, you might look at your instruments with a sense of curiosity. Over time, however, these tools become extensions of yourself. Your mirror, explorer, and scalers will feel like trusted companions, and you’ll develop a surprising fondness for them.

This hands-on experience teaches you not just the technicalities but the artistry of dentistry. Whether it’s the precise angle of your hand while scaling or the delicate touch needed to fill a cavity perfectly, you’ll learn that every instrument in your hand plays an important role in creating a patient’s smile. It’s almost like you’re a wizard in a very precise world of magic.

  1. You’ll become a master of time management (even if you don’t want to)

Dental school doesn’t just teach you how to become a dentist; it teaches you how to juggle. Managing your time between classes, clinical sessions, assignments, and social activities (yes, there is time for those too) will become second nature to you.

It won’t always be easy – some days you’ll feel like there aren’t enough hours in the day – but you’ll become incredibly skilled at planning, prioritising, and making the most of your time. In fact, you’ll soon find yourself scheduling breaks to keep your sanity and realise that time management is key to surviving dental school and life after graduation.

  1. You’ll learn how to tell ‘bad news’ with compassion (and a smile)

One of the most underrated lessons you’ll learn in dental school is how to break difficult news to patients. Whether it’s informing them that they need a root canal, their wisdom teeth need to be removed, or they have an unexpected diagnosis, this is a skill you’ll develop over time.

What you weren’t likely taught in lectures, though, is how to deliver the news with empathy and kindness. Communication skills will evolve as you learn to balance the technical aspects of dentistry with emotional intelligence. It’s a delicate skill that will stay with you for the rest of your career, helping you build lasting trust with your patients.

  1. You’ll develop a love for the little things

While dental school is often associated with heavy textbooks and complex clinical procedures, you’ll quickly learn to appreciate the smaller details of the profession. From the way a perfectly moulded crown fits snugly to the satisfaction of a beautifully contoured filling, these subtle moments will become your favourite parts of the job.

It’s in these little things – like perfectly polished teeth or the joy of seeing a nervous patient leave your office smiling – that you’ll truly begin to appreciate the artistry and impact of dentistry.

  1. You’ll learn to adapt (a lot)

No two days in dental school are the same, and this is a lesson that will come to you quickly. Whether you’re dealing with a change in schedule, a new procedure, or a challenging patient, you’ll need to learn to think on your feet and adapt to new situations.

You won’t always have the luxury of following a textbook, but you will develop an ability to think critically, solve problems in real-time, and adapt your approach when necessary. This adaptability will become one of your greatest assets as you transition into the fast-paced world of dentistry.

Conclusion: dentistry is an art and a science, but it’s also a journey of self-discovery

While dental school undoubtedly challenges you academically and professionally, it’s also a time for personal growth and discovery. The unexpected lessons – whether it’s learning how to calm a nervous patient with a smile or realising that your instruments are your trusted allies – will stick with you for the rest of your career.

Remember, dentistry isn’t just about the knowledge you gain from textbooks; it’s also about the experiences, the people, and the moments that shape you into a compassionate, skilled professional. So, embrace these quirky lessons along the way, because they are the ones that will make you not just a great dentist but a great human being.

Author bio

“I am a third-year dental student at the University of Bristol, with a particular interest in restorative and aesthetic dentistry. I am especially passionate about the subtle artistry involved in restoring not only smiles but also confidence and wellbeing. As I progress through my studies, I am increasingly fascinated by the way dentistry blends scientific precision with empathy and creativity – a balance I hope to carry forward into my future career.

Away from the dental clinic, I find inspiration in quiet moments: long walks, a good matcha, and the timeless comfort of literature, particularly poetry. One piece I often return to is If— by Rudyard Kipling, a powerful reminder of resilience, self-mastery, and integrity, qualities I believe are just as vital in dentistry as they are in life. Much like in dentistry, it is often the smallest, most thoughtful details that leave the greatest impact.”

Sana Masood

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Entering the CGDent-GC Award has helped me to be a better dentist

After entering a successful case in the inaugural CGDent-GC Award, Associate Member of the College Dr Juan Salmerón Ramírez travelled to Leuven in Belgium to take part in a fully funded two-day composite layering course at GC’s Education Campus. In this blog, he reflects on his experience of entering and winning the clinical skills award, and what he learnt from the process.

Freshly out of university, having begun a new journey in a new country, the opportunity to participate in a dental skills competition was both exciting and daunting, and it is only now that the whole journey has finished and I have reflected on my experience, that I can describe this brilliant opportunity and what I’ve learnt. 

Entering the competition: a leap of faith

Foundation Year is not known to be an easy-going year. Portfolio, case selection and study days are the main focus of Foundation Dentists, thus the decision to enter the Award was not a simple one. As a newly qualified dentist, the prospect of competing against peers whose ability, training and skills were unknown to me, was daunting. However, with a healthy amount of friendly encouragement from my fellow FD Ammy, and Educational Supervisors, I jumped into the opportunity to challenge myself, showcase my skills, and most importantly, learn and grow in the process.

The aim of the competition was to present a clinically indicated restorative case, that we had treated with composite, and required as little as one anterior tooth to have a valid entry. The preparation involved meticulous planning, clinical photography, aesthetic mock up, treatment execution, and documentation. This process alone was a huge learning experience, as it forced me to critically evaluate my work and consider the finer details that contribute to aesthetic excellence.

Over the application process, the College of General Dentistry’s Early Careers Engagement and Editorial Officer, Clare Denton, helped with any questions we had, from formatting the case to submitting it, she kindly and reliably guided our best efforts.

My winning case: a brief overview

The case I presented involved a patient in their late 40s with significant enamel wear, inverted smile line, anterior diastemas and loss of anterior vertical dimension. The patient was highly self-conscious about their smile to the point of avoiding smiling in their day-to-day life, and was thrilled when presented with composite bonding as a minimally invasive solution. Once my patient and I had agreed on the treatment, the complicated journey of carrying out the ideas and techniques I had in mind began. Overall the case needed the following steps.

Clinical photography: this was the first and perhaps most crucial step, as it gave me a means of communication with the patient, and allowed them to visualise the improvements they wanted in their smile and to what extent.

Digital smile design: allowed us to set a visual goal to reach, and  to compare the before and after of what we were doing.

Aesthetic mock-up which included study models: this helped us to understand how the enamel loss had happened, what dimensions and spaces we had to work with and how to later on protect our work from further wear.

Composite build ups and polishing: this was challenging due to the extent of the enamel loss and the need to achieve a seamless interface between the composite and the remaining tooth enamel. I focused on meticulous shade selection and careful layering to create a natural-looking result.

The outcome was a significant improvement in the patient’s smile, which boosted their confidence and satisfaction – a rewarding experience that solidified my passion for aesthetic dentistry.

The most valuable key learning outcome from entering the competition was understanding the importance of accessible and well written documentation. The case needed to be both clear and powerful when presented to the judges and had to show how the decisions I made were patient-led, therefore I had to be thorough in my explanations, have a clear justification for my clinical decisions and the treatment choices that my patient and I made together. This experience has improved my clinical documentation in the practice, and has helped me to maintain high standards not only in clinical work but also in record keeping.

The trip to Belgium: an unforgettable experience

Winning the competition came with two incredible bonuses: first being invited to attend the CGDent Summer Fellows’ Reception and to be formally awarded by the President (now former President), Dr Abhi Pal; and last but not least, attending a fully funded hands-on clinical skills course at the GC headquarters in Leuven, Belgium, where a GC specialist together with Dr Bereznicki, trained us in state-of-the-art composite layering techniques.

The trip itself was a smooth and relaxing experience. The College and the charitable foundation set up by Dr Tom Bereznicki, had organised a night in a hotel close to St Pancras station for those who lived outside London. The following morning the whole team of awardees together with the organisers, met at reception, introduced themselves, and took the Eurostar train. Just over two hours later we were in Brussels, from there a short bus trip to Leuven.

Leuven is a small vibrant university city, with charming streets and beautiful scenery, and we stayed here for the rest of the trip. It just happens that there was a music festival going on during our visit, which made it only more magical.

Perhaps the best part about our accommodation, Penta hotel, was its prime location in the beating heart of the old town in Leuven, at a very short walking distance from the most well known landmarks such as the stunning Town Hall and the Oude Market, “the longest bar in the world”, as well as numerous cafes and restaurants.

The composite course: a transformative learning experience

The much awaited composite course was held at GC’s state-of-the-art dental training centre, where I was mentored by GC’s expert trainers and Dr Bereznicki, who share a passion for aesthetic dentistry and achieving excellence. The course content was comprehensive, covering advanced techniques in aesthetic composite restorations, from the latest materials and tools to innovative techniques that push the boundaries of what’s possible in cosmetic dentistry.

The programme included many topics from colour theory and how it affects our reconstructions, to material selection and how the GC line-up of composite is exquisitely created to cover different dentines and different enamels to achieve natural results.
Perhaps the most valuable aspect of the course was the hands-on training we received, under the supervision of Dr Simone Moretto, GC composite expert, who was incredibly knowledgeable and approachable, providing personalised feedback and tips that I’ve since incorporated into my practice.

A game-changer moment for me was the information given about the latest advancements in composite layering. The lecture and hands-on workshop explored the intricacies of shade selection, translucency, and the use of tints and opaquers to create restorations that are indistinguishable from natural teeth whilst enhancing a harmonic smile. This has improved my ability to deliver results that exceed patient expectations.

Furthermore the course was focused on minimally invasive techniques with reduced to no enamel modification. This emphasised the importance of tooth structure preservation whilst achieving aesthetic excellence, principles that align perfectly with my patient-centred care philosophy.

Why other Foundation Dentists and Dental Therapists should enter the competition

It is only through endeavour that we grow. Without a doubt, this experience has been tremendously valuable for my professional development, by pushing me out of my comfort zone and by challenging me to strive for excellence.

The Belgium trip and the course was the cherry on the cake, offering me an unparalleled opportunity to learn from the best in the field and immerse myself in a new culture.

My advice for Foundation Dentists and Dental Therapists considering entering the competition, is simple: GO FOR IT. It is an invaluable experience that goes beyond winning –  it’s about the journey, the learning and the life-long connections that you make along the way. Entering the competition will not only enhance your clinical skills but also boost your confidence and open doors to new opportunities, ultimately making you a better practitioner.

The CGDent-GC Award 2025/26 is open to Dentists and Dental Therapists who qualified in the UK or Ireland in 2025 or are undertaking Dental Foundation Training or Dental Vocational Training 2025/26. Entries close on Friday 20 February 2026.

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College of General Dentistry Student Advice

My life as a dental student

CGDent NextGen Ambassador and 2024 BDS graduate from the University of Manchester, Dr Naeema Munshi, reflects on her experiences and offers advice to current students.

Embarking on the journey to become a qualified dentist is nothing short of memorable. Graduating this summer has given me time to reflect on my journey as a whole and come up with some of my own advice on how to navigate dental school. I’m hoping this blog will give an insight on what it’s like to be a dental student.

The academics

Dental school is known for its rigorous academic standards. From day one, we were plunged into an intensive curriculum that combines theoretical knowledge with practical skills. Lectures, EBL (enquiry based learning), clinical skills and laboratory sessions fill the weekdays, covering everything from anatomy and physiology to advanced dental techniques. In my first year I particularly enjoyed spending time in the dissection room learning anatomy.

As my degree was EBL based the workload was substantial, so managing time effectively and becoming an independent learner became an essential skill. Late-night study sessions in the library and revision sessions with friends became part of my weekly routine. Since it’s a lengthy degree, it’s easy to forget how much you’ve learned over the years and focus instead on the concepts you’re struggling with. My advice is to keep giving it your best and not be too hard on yourself because everyone will get there in the end. When exam season comes around the pressure can be intense, but the sense of accomplishment that comes from passing exams is incomparable.

Building lifelong friendships

Despite the demanding nature of the course, I found there is a strong sense of camaraderie among the students. The shared experiences, from the stress of exams to the pressure of clinical practice, creates a strong bond between us all.

The University I attended boasts a diverse student body allowing you to meet people from all over the world. I felt I was able to broaden my perspectives and gain an understanding of different cultures and backgrounds.

My university has partnerships with a number of dental schools around the world. These relationships gave me the opportunity to take part in the Stovit dental summer school at the university of Airlangga in Indonesia. The experience was a massive highlight of my university experience. I was able to fully immerse myself in a new culture and make friends with students from all over the globe, as well as discover how dentistry varies in different countries.

Overall one of the things I hold in the highest regard in relation to my university experience is the lifelong friendships I have made and the countless memories I’m left with.

Experiencing new things

For me life at university isn’t just about academics. It’s a time for personal growth and trying new things. My university, like many others, offered a countless number of extracurricular activities and societies. Whether you’re interested in sports, music, drama, or volunteering, there’s something for everyone.

Joining dental societies, for instance, provides opportunities for networking, attending professional events, and participating in outreach programs. I particularly enjoyed volunteering with Manchester Outreach Dentists and the Children’s outreach society.

Exploring Manchester

Wherever your university is you can have fun getting to know your new home! Manchester where I studied is a city brimming with life and culture. On weekends or after a long day of classes, there’s no shortage of places to explore. Personally I really enjoyed eating my way through the city, and discovering new cuisines.

Being a dental student is a journey filled with challenges, growth, and excitement. The studies will push you to your limits, but the friendships you forge, the new experiences you encounter, and the vibrant city you explore make it an unforgettable chapter of your life. It’s a place where you not only develop into a competent dental professional but also grow as an individual, ready to follow your dreams.

Author bio

“I studied the BDS at the University of Manchester, graduating in 2024, and during my final year I have been a CGDent NextGen Ambassador.

I have just started Dental Foundation Training in the North West of England, which is going well so far!

I enjoy meeting different people from all over the world, exploring new places and international cuisine.”

Naeema Munshi

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College of General Dentistry Student Advice

An insider’s guide to making key investments during your Foundation Training

CGDent NextGen Ambassador, Dr Choudhury Rahman, made some important investments during Foundation Training and shares his advice about investing wisely.

Ahhhh… the feeling of getting your first pay cheque as a dentist. Nothing quite beats that feeling! After five years of grafting in dental school, you are finally being remunerated for your hard work. Not only that, if you haven’t earned any money during the current tax year, you won’t have tax deducted from your pay cheque for the first month or two! I’m sure many of you reading will be thinking of the holidays you want to plan or the new car you want to buy for yourself, but there are some key things that I recommend you invest in early to help you get the most out of your Dental Foundation Training (DFT), and set you up for the rest of your career in dentistry!

  1. Loupes

    If you haven’t already got a pair of loupes, I cannot stress enough the importance of buying some. The initial investment may seem steep, costing upwards of £2,000 for a good quality pair, but the return on investments is enormous. I got my loupes during 5th year of undergrad, and they have transformed the way I practice dentistry. I used to dread doing certain treatments because I just couldn’t see the fine details in certain procedures such as root canal treatments or crown preparations, however after getting loupes, these are now treatments I actually enjoy, and am able to do at a higher quality. Not only that, I have found my posture has greatly improved, especially since my loupes are refractive. To summarise, getting loupes will make your general dentistry more enjoyable, better quality, and potentially elongate your career by looking after your neck, shoulders, and back! I personally use the Bryant dental 3.8x Refractive loupes.
  1. Camera

    One of the first things I put money aside for was my own camera. Many of the training practices will have a camera lying about somewhere, but having your own is much better. You can set it up, and leave it so you can easily and quickly take pictures whenever you need to. Photography is mega important in dentistry for several reasons. Firstly, it supports patient consent. By showing the patient what their teeth look like, and exactly the issues you are seeing, they are better informed in their decision-making, thus ensuring the consent you have obtained is valid. In addition to this, having before and after pictures for treatments is very useful medico-legally if you find yourself in some hot water (make sure your camera’s date and time settings are correct). Lastly, and most importantly, by taking pictures of your work, you can reflect on the good and bad things, finding ways to improve your work and develop as you go along. A bonus of having pictures of your work is that it enables you to compile a portfolio that you can use to show patients and future employers what you are capable of.

    It may seem daunting at first when trying to figure out exactly which photography equipment to buy, as I found out for myself. To break it down, most camera set-ups will require a body, lens, and flash. My own build consists of the Canon 2000D body, 105mm Sigma lens with a Sigma ring flash (Pictured below). This is by no means the best set-up, however it’s a good place to start if you want to get into dental photography!
  1. Income protection

    I’m sure many of you guys reading will remember the Wesleyan finance lectures from undergrad – I think most of us will have attended just for the free food and goodies. At the start of your career, you will think and feel like you are invincible, but you never know what life will throw at you which could cause you to put your tools down. I recently sprained my wrist and didn’t anticipate how much impact this would have on my work. Thankfully I recovered quickly and fully, but imagine if you had a serious injury, accident, or decline in health. If dentistry was your only source of income, and you had dependents/bills to pay, you would be under immense stress trying to stop the ship from sinking. By having income protection, if life throws a curve ball at you, you will be in a better position to manage financially, allowing you to focus on yourself and getting back to work. As a Foundation Trainee, the NHS will provide some form of sick pay for a limited period, but by having an additional income protection, if for whatever reason you had an extended period off work, you could be paid a certain % of your earnings until retirement age. It is one of those things to have, which you hope don’t need to use it, but is there if you do!

  2. Membership of the College of General Dentistry

    As I spent my time going through Foundation Training, I felt more and more unsure of what I want to do with my career. I applied for Dental Core Training (DCT), but felt as though I enjoyed working in general practice. However, I knew that I wanted to continue expanding my skills through postgraduate training. That’s where the College of General Dentistry is really helpful. They provide an excellent framework to help you navigate the world of being an associate in general practice, helping you develop the knowledge and skills you require to progress your career in dentistry and foster a commitment to lifelong learning.

These are only some of the things which I recommend you invest in for yourself. There are many more investments you will make over your career such as your own equipment, materials and postgraduate training. You don’t have to do them all at once, or at the beginning. Don’t make yourself feel like you are behind if you see your colleagues or friends having invested in more of these things than you. Dentistry is not a race; you should learn, improve, invest and develop at your own pace. At the centre of this all is providing the best care possible for your patients, whilst also looking after yourself.

Author bio

“I Graduated from University of Manchester in 2023 and am just completing my FD Training in the Greater Manchester North Scheme. I’m also a NextGen Ambassador for the College of General Dentistry. My clinical interests include Oral Surgery and Prosthodontics. I aspire to become a well rounded GDP, able to provide full mouth rehabilitation including placement and restoration of implants. Outside of work, I enjoy running and 5-a-side football.”

Dr Choudhury Rahman

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College of General Dentistry Student Advice

Communication with patients – what can it do for you as a dental student?

2024 BDS graduate from the University of Liverpool, Zaira Cantara explains why it’s important to develop good communication skills at university and provides her tips on effective patient communication.

“The dentists who get the most complaints are the ones who lack communication skills”, is a quote I remember hearing from a tutor during second year. It’s something that stuck with me because one of the reasons I decided to embark on a journey into dentistry in my late 20s was my own negative experience with a dentist.

It’s true, quite often when I’m reminded why a patient “hates going to the dentist”, the key word being “hates”, it’s usually one of two reasons: that time they felt they were being butchered; or the dentist simply lacked one of the fundamental skills in this profession – good communication. We hear now and then the importance of communication for clinicians, but I think as students we need to focus on this skill more to realise its benefits before we head out into the real world.

Reading feedback patients had left me recently, I assumed comments would be made on the procedures themselves, but I was surprised by how many focused on my communication skills. Thankfully this was seen as a positive and congenial experience during the appointment as they highlighted what I said, rather than what I did. I didn’t realise how much a patient would appreciate and value me doing something I saw as routine.

Dentists are often seen as specialists of the mouth, but a holistic approach is something students benefit from greatly. Good communication leads to appointment slots being filled, the patient leaving with more motivation to engage in the advice you gave and a better undergraduate portfolio. Taking this into practice will lead to fewer complaints, better staff morale and of course a broader depth of success.

Furthermore, great communication skills are essential when it comes to patient consent, which links in with ethics and law. We are taught to obtain ‘valid consent’ at each appointment, every single time we see a patient using effective communication skills.  This involves ensuring the patient has capacity to make a decision, that they are well informed by clearly explaining planned treatment and finally that they are not coerced into any treatment. 

From my experience, here are five suggestions to help you improve patient communication:

1. Don’t just treat the mouth

Ask about your patient’s general health, how are they getting on with ‘x’ they disclosed to you in their medical, is it all under control, how was the holiday they were looking forward to after your last session? It’s important to ask about other medical conditions as it might affect the patient’s oral health or the treatment that you are planning.

2. Empower the patient

Any time your patient wants you to stop for a break or feel uncomfortable, ask them to raise a hand, so you can follow their lead and resume once it’s okay for them.

3. Explain what the treatment is and why you are doing it

Explain how the treatment will benefit them, why it is important to follow advice at home and what to expect at the next appointment.

4. Show organisation

Be attentive and have all the clinic set up with what you need; this demonstrates efficiency and reduces the patient’s anxiety.

5. Finally, thank them for showing up

I often thank my patients as soon as we have greeted each other in the waiting room. Their time is playing a significant part in our journey to becoming clinicians, without them things would be very different.

Author bio

“I studied the BDS at the University of Liverpool and graduated in July 2024. What I most enjoyed about my course was the early exposure to patients as well as the variation of different clinics this included one being urgent care for those patients without access to a dentist. During this clinic I enjoyed the history taking, coming up with a diagnosis and then treating to relieve the patient out of pain within the same appointment whilst having an holistic approach.

I will be doing my DFT within North Yorkshire and am currently focusing on improving my skills as a general dentist. My hobbies include reading, travelling and getting together with friends.”

Zaira Cantara

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